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For people with Down syndrome, family members, caregivers and professionals.

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Gout in People with Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Gout is caused by build-up of uric acid in the body which can cause inflammation in the joints (inflammatory arthritis). An acute “attack” of gout can be very painful. A

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Alopecia Areata

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Alopecia areata is a sudden loss of hair. It is an autoimmune condition in which the person's own immune system attacks the hair follicles.  Alopecia areata is patchy hair

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Possible Causes of Hair Loss

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Hair loss can be caused by many conditions. Alopecia areata and alopecia totalis are autoimmune conditions that are more common in people with Down syndrome compared to people without Down

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Fainting (Syncope)

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Fainting is a brief loss of consciousness. Fainting may be more common in people with Down syndrome. Fainting may be more common because of differences in body function in people with Down

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Hernias

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Hernias are defects in the connective tissue of the abdominal wall which allow tissue within the abdominal cavity to protrude. Often hernias do not require treatment. They can be monitored,

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Co-Occurring Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder (DS-ASD)

Author: Down Syndrome-Autism Connection - Website

It is estimated that 16-18% of people with Down syndrome also have autism spectrum disorder. The Down Syndrome-Autism Connection  is a nonprofit organization that provides s

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Information on COVID-19 Booster Shots from the Adult Down Syndrome Center

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD, Erin Dominiak, MD, Hannah Graham, MD, and Farah Chaus, MD - Adult Down Syndrome Center

UPDATED MAY 2024 Recommendation The physicians at the Adult Down Syndrome Center recommend that individuals with Down syndrome ages 12 years and older who do not have a contraindication follo

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Dry Skin in People with Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Dry skin is more common in people with Down syndrome. Some individuals with Down syndrome find treatment challenging because of negative sensory response to creams and ointments on the skin

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How to Put Your Hair into a Ponytail Video

Author: Kayla Millan, OTS and Katie Frank, PhD, OTR/L - Adult Down Syndrome Center

The video below demonstrates one way of putting your hair into a ponytail.  See the  Self-Care and Hygiene  section of our library for additional resources.   Royal

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Urinary Incontinence

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Urinary incontinence or urinary "accidents" are more common in people with Down syndrome. There are many potential causes.  The inability to empty the bladder com

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When Down Syndrome and Autism Intersect (2nd edition)

Author: Margaret Froehlke, RN, BSN, and Robin Sattel, MS - Book

When Down Syndrome and Autism Intersect: A Guide to DS-ASD for Parents and Professionals       Publisher description The first edition of When Down Syndrome and Aut

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Connective Tissue and Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Connective tissue is the tissue that helps hold our bodies together. Connective tissue is different in people with Down syndrome compared to others.  People with Down syndrome have

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Pneumonia in People with Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Lungs are vital organs in the movement of oxygen into the body and the removal of carbon dioxide. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs. Pneumonia is more common in people with Down syndro

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Tremors in People with Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points Tremors are repetitive involuntary movements. Tremors can be mild and cause limited disruption or more severe and restricting. There are many causes for tremors. An evaluation by a health p

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Down Syndrome and Autism Presentations

Author: Multiple Presenters - Multiple Organizations

The Dual Diagnosis of Down Syndrome and Autism Webinar   Presenters: Noemi Spinazzi, MD, FAAP, and Teresa Unnerstall Host Organization: Down Syndrome Connection of the Bay Area   Aut

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Temperature Regulation in People with Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points  How the body manages (regulates) body temperature is different in people with Down syndrome compared to people without Down syndrome. The difference in body temperature regulation

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Pain in People with Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points People with Down syndrome experience pain but some individuals report it less often than people without Down syndrome. There are a variety of reasons why people with Down syndrome may repor

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Changes in Gait (Ambulation, Walking)

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Key Points A change in gait (walking) is a change seen in many people with Down syndrome. There are many possible causes for those changes. Family or other observers can play a critical role in assess

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Activities You Can Do at Home

Author: Adult Down Syndrome Center - Resource List

Are you looking for suggestions of activities you can do at home? We have compiled a list of some ideas below! There are ideas for arts and crafts , cooking , education/learning , fitness and physical

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Behavior Change

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Any and all behavior change should be viewed as a possible communication tool. For some people with Down syndrome (DS), like some without DS, a behavior change may be a form of communication. This is

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Chronic Cough in Adults with Down Syndrome

Author: Ravi Shah, MD and Brian Chicoine, MD - Family Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital

Key Points Chronic cough is a cough that lasts more than eight weeks (four weeks in a child). There are many reasons for a chronic cough. Three common causes in people with Down syndrome (DS) include

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Incidence and Clinical Outcomes of Pneumonia in Persons with Down Syndrome in the United States

Author: Janoff et al. - Vaccine

Abstract Background:  Persons with Down syndrome (DS) experience an increased risk of pneumonia. We determined the incidence and outcomes of pneumonia and relationship to underlying comorbidi

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Eating Refusal

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

We received the following question:  I have a son with Down syndrome. He had testicular cancer in his late 20s. Since then, he seems to have developed an eating disorder. He always feels he i

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Co-Occurring Conditions in Children with Down Syndrome and Autism: A Retrospective Study

Author: Spinazzi et al. - Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Abstract Background:  Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common genetic causes of intellectual disability, and it is associated with an increased incidence of numerous co-occurring conditi

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Please note: The information on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for a medical, psychiatric, mental health, or behavioral evaluation, diagnosis, or treatment plan by a qualified professional. We recommend you review the educational material with your health providers regarding the specifics of your health care needs.

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