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For people with Down syndrome, family members, caregivers and professionals.

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Medical Care of Adults with Down Syndrome: A Clinical Guideline

Author: Tsou et al. - JAMA (2020)

Abstract Importance:  Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal condition, and average life expectancy has increased substantially, from 25 years in 1983 to 60 years in 2020. Despite the u

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Down Syndrome: Review Article

Author: Marilyn Bull, MD - The New England Journal of Medicine (2020)

Abstract Down syndrome, also called Down’s syndrome (DS), is the most common chromosomal condition associated with intellectual disability and is characterized by a variety of additional cli

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Challenges of Pediatric Disease in Adulthood

Author: Baumgardner & Chicoine - Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews (2020)

Abstract Some chronic diseases - such as the rare bone disease X-linked hypophosphatemia, the impetus for a study reported within Volume 7, Issue 2 of the  Journal of Patient-Centered Researc

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Co-Occurring Medical Conditions in Adults with Down Syndrome. Part II.

Author: Capone et al. - American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A (2020)

Abstract Adults with Down syndrome (DS) represent a unique population who are in need of clinical guidelines to address their medical care. Many of these conditions are of public health importance wit

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Down Syndrome

Author: Antonarakis et al. - Nature Reviews: Disease Primers (2020)

Abstract Trisomy 21, the presence of a supernumerary chromosome 21, results in a collection of clinical features commonly known as Down syndrome (DS). DS is among the most genetically complex of the c

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First Then Visual

Author: Adult Down Syndrome Center

This visual can be used to show what needs to be completed (first) before moving to the next activity (then).

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Co-Occurring Medical Conditions in Adults with Down Syndrome

Author: Capone et al. - American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A (2017)

Abstract Adults with Down syndrome (DS) represent a unique population who are in need of clinical guidelines to address their medical care. The United States Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) has

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Normal Abnormal Lab Values

Author: Hannah Graham, MD - Adult Down Syndrome Center

When running routine blood tests, sometimes abnormal values are flagged by the lab or computer system. Some of these values, while outside of the normal range, are still typical and/or acceptable for

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Use of Visual Supports

Author: Katie Frank, PhD, OTR/L - Occupational Therapist, Adult Down Syndrome Center

When I was trying to figure out how I was going to share information about visual supports, I came across someone who used the following poem (author unknown) to describe what it feels like when visua

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Growth Charts for Children with Down Syndrome

Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Website

Growth Charts for Children with Down Syndrome   The website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has links to the Growth Charts for Children with Down Syndrome. There are c

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Morbidity and Medication in a Large Population of Individuals with Down Syndrome Compared to the General Population

Author: Alexander et al. - Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology (2015)

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of morbidities and the prevalence of medical prescriptions in a large Down syndrome population. Me

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Pain Perception in People with Down Syndrome: A Synthesis of Clinical and Experimental Research

Author: McGuire & Defrin - Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (2015)

Abstract People with an intellectual disability experience both acute and chronic pain with at least the same frequency as the general population. However, considerably less is known about the pain pe

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Supporting a Happy, Healthy Adolescence for Young People with Down Syndrome and Other Intellectual Disabilities: Recommendations for Clinicians

Author: Baumer & Davidson - Current Opinion in Pediatrics (2014)

Abstract Purpose of Review:  To review clinical updates and current healthcare issues for adolescents with Down syndrome and intellectual disabilities, including behavioral, social, and emoti

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Promoting and Assessing Health

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

7 Keys to Promoting Health and Assessing Change in Health Assess contributing medical conditions Assess contributing psychological conditions Optimize communication Assess and optimize sensory issues

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Definition of Health

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD - Medical Director, Adult Down Syndrome Center

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. (World Health Organization) At the Adult Down Syndrome Center, we strive to ad

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The Guide to Good Health for Teens & Adults with Down Syndrome

Author: Brian Chicoine, MD & Dennis McGuire, PhD - Book (2010)

*Woodbine House Publishing closed in 2022. We recommend reaching out to your local Down syndrome organization or local library to find out if they have a copy you can borrow. Booksellers that sell use

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Pain Expression and Stimulus Localisation in Individuals with Down's Syndrome

Author: Hennequin et al. - The Lancet (2000)

Abstract Background:  Individuals with Down's syndrome do not always exhibit signs of distress in reaction to noxious stimuli comparable with the general population. This pilot study

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A Murine Model for Down Syndrome Shows Reduced Responsiveness to Pain

Author: Martinez-Cue et al. - NeuroReport

Abstract TS65DN mice have an extra chromosome that contains a segment of chromosome 16 homologous to the Down syndrome ‘critical region’ of human chromosome 21. Since pain transmis

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Please note: The information on this site is for educational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for a medical, psychiatric, mental health, or behavioral evaluation, diagnosis, or treatment plan by a qualified professional. We recommend you review the educational material with your health providers regarding the specifics of your health care needs.

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